Explosions have the potential to create a multitude injuries and it is important to know how they affect the body in-order-to treat patients effectively. These types of injuries are most commonly experienced during battle, but have the potential to occur in mines, factories or anywhere as a result of terrorism. Events involving explosions are complex to manage and may involve multiple patients, not to mention multiple agencies, which can make them a challenge for EMS personnel. Blast injuries are typically categorized from primary to quaternary. Primary blast injuries are caused by the shockwave from the explosion itself. Shockwave is a rise in air pressure that starts at the explosion site and moves outward. When the wave hits the body it can rupture air filled organs such as the eardrums, lungs, stomach and intestines. Secondary blast injuries result from being hit by flying debris. Explosions form shrapnel and cause rocks, glass and other objects to fly through the air at high v...

ehospital trauma care Prehospital care of trauma patients is  situation-dependent  and centered on stabilization of the patient and prompt transport to a hospital. Nonmedical personnel trained in basic life support may provide  life-saving  interventions (see “Basic life support” in the learning card  cardiopulmonary resuscitation ). Emergency services personnel typically perform an abbreviated version of the  primary survey  (see  ABCDE approach  below) Low-threshold interventions that may be performed by emergency personnel prior to transport to a hospital include, but are not limited to: Placement of a cervical collar (if  cervical spine trauma is suspected based on  primary survey or mechanism of injury) Intubation  or oxygen delivery via nasal cannula (if respiratory distress or altered mental status is suspected) Administration of intravenous fluid (if hemorrhage or  hypotension  is suspected) Adm...

Tracheal intubation (TI) is commonly performed in the setting of respiratory failure and shock, and is one of the most commonly performed procedures in the intensive care unit (ICU). It is an essential life-saving intervention; however, complications during airway management in such patients may precipitate a crisis. Hence, professional competence in airway management is required while caring for critically ill patients. Airway management in the ICU differs significantly from TI carried out for routine surgical procedures in the operating rooms (OR). In the OR, elective intubations are performed on stable patients with good physiological reserve by skilled anaesthesiologists, and TI is associated with very low rates of complications. These observations are in stark contrast to the high occurrence of failed airways and major complications like severe hypoxaemia and cardiac arrest related to airway instrumentation in the ICU.[ 1 – 5 ] TI in the ICU is often performed in a high-pres...

How To Perform A CPR - CPR Procedure Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation or CPR  Procedure Cardiopulmonary resuscitation procedure, otherwise known as CPR, is a medical life-saving process to prevent brain death of a person who has suffered a cardiac arrest, until medical help arrives. CPR is usually given when a person shows signs of no or abnormal breathing. When a person suffers a cardiac arrest or a heart attack, flow of oxygenated blood to the brain and rest of the body is restricted. If CPR is not performed on time, the person can become brain dead within 5-10 minutes. Cardiopulmonary resuscitation is performed to restore partial oxygen and blood flow to the brain. Many cardiac arrests happen outside the hospital and formal training and knowledge of cardiopulmonary resuscitation in India is necessary to save a person’s life. Cardiopulmonary resuscitation includes mouth to mouth resuscitation and chest compressions. A combination of the two helps revive the oxygen and b...